The poem
When, in disgrace with Fortune and men's eyes, I all alone beweep my outcast state, And trouble deaf heaven with my bootless cries, And look upon myself and curse my fate, Wishing me like to one more rich in hope, Featured like him, like him with friends possessed, Desiring this man's art and that man's scope, With what I most enjoy contented least; Yet in these thoughts myself almost despising, Haply I think on thee, and then my state, Like to the lark at break of day arising From sullen earth, sings hymns at heaven's gate; For thy sweet love remembered such wealth brings That then I scorn to change my state with kings.
Sonnet 29 Understood
Shakespeare wrote most of his plays amd poetry during the reign of Queen Elizabeth I, a Tudor. Queen Elizabeth died in 1603. James I was the next monarch.
James I of England was also James VI of Scotland. Scotlan had a literary tradition of its own and Shakespeare was not a part of it.
The Scottish tradition would include literature written in English, Scottish Gaelic, Scots, Brythonic, French, Latin and any other language in which a piece of literature was ever written within the boundaries of modern Scotland.